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Pictorial Review of COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT SCAN)   byMr Mohammad Sahil,


Pictorial Review of COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT SCAN)   byMr Mohammad Sahil, Biomedical Trainer, ATHEENAPANDIAN ORGANIZATION

Introduction                             

                        The first commercially available CT scanner was created by British engineer Godfrey Hounsfield on October 1st,1971.After he invented the CT Scanner, He got the Nobel prize in 1979. 

What is all about CT and How it works?

                        Computed Tomography (CT),Sometimes called "Computerized tomography" or "Computed Axial tomography or Computed Aided Tomography" (CAT).The word tomography is derived from Ancient Greek is known as "Slice (or) Section". It is a non-invasive medical procedure that helps diagnose medical conditions. It uses a large series of 2-Dimensional(2D) x-ray images(slices) to produce cross-sectional images of the body. Digital geometry processing used to generate 3-Dimensional(3D) images of the object from those slices. It will diagnose Internal organs, Soft tissues, Muscles, Bones such as bone tumors, Cancers, Muscular skeletal disorders and Trauma. Enhancing image data can be reconstructed through algorithms. Current CT machines can have 320 detectors yielding 256 Slices.

Main Parts of CT scan

                    ●Gantry system  

                    ●X-ray Tube  

                    ●X-ray Detector    

                    ●Slip ring

                    ●DAS(Data Acquisition System)

                    ●Operating console system

Generation of CT SCAN

                     Generation of CT will be vary by the Source-detector movements and timings of to take an image

   ●1st generation of CT was introduced on 1971,it was Translate-Rotate movement and Timing to scan an image will be acquire 1 image in 5min for Head portion only.

   ●2nd generation of CT was introduced on 1974,it was Translate-Rotate movement and it will be acquire 1 image in 20 sec-2 min for Head portion only.

   ●3rd generation of CT was introduced on 1975,it was Rotate-Rotate movement, the time to acquire an image within 1 sec itself for All anatomy.

   ●4th generation of CT was introduced on 1976,it was Rotate-Stationary movement, time to acquire an image within 1 sec itself for All anatomy.

   ●5th generation of CT was introduced on 1980s,it was Stationary-Stationary movement, time to acquire an image within 50ms itself to take an Fast Cardiac CT.

   ●6th generation of CT was introduced on 1990s,it otherwise known as Helical/Spiral CT scanner

   ●7th generation of CT was intolerance on 1998,it otherwise known as Multidetector/ Multislice CT, this uses 64-128 detectors with a Helical CT scanner, Scanning time will be 0.25 sec.

Advantages of CT    

                     ●Quick and painless  

                     ●Costless than MRI    

                     ●High Contrast resolution  

                     ●Detailed view of Soft tissues

                     ●3-Dimensional(3D) reconstructed image


Disadvantages of CT   

                     ●Very expensive  

                     ●Exposure to ionizing radiation    

                     ●Contrast materials sometimes used might produce an allergic reaction

List of the Companies manufacturing CT  

                      ●Siemens Healthineers  

                      ●GE Healthcare  

                      ●Philips  

                      ●Fujifilm  

                      ●Canon Medical System    

                      ●Hitachi Medical System


Thanks

With Best Regards

Mr Mohammee Sahil

Biomedical Trainer

ATHEENAPANDIAN ORGANIZATION

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